MSO12262 - Late prehistoric linear earthwork in Dunster Deer Park (Monument)

The remains of a substantial linear eathwork comprise a rampart and a counterscap bank, with an entrance gap. It is most likely to be a later prehistoric earthwork, but has also been suggested to represent a hunting butt.

Two lengths of bank with ditches to the northeast are visible on aerial photographs. [1-4] A massive curving linear earthwork, 130 metres long, with an uphill bank, ditch or hollow on the downhill side, and counterscarp below. From the top of the bank to the bottom of the ditch is c.4 metres. In places the upper bank has fallen into the ditch. The earthwork is similar in form to the outwork of Bat's Castle to the southeast (MSO9082). However, its location leading slightly upwards from the centre of a shallow combe onto the steeper ground, makes it unlikely for defence. It is perhaps a hollow way, though it has been deliberately constructed. Its situation within a deer park may suggest a hunting butt. [5] Field investigation revealed the remains of a well preserved rampart and counterscarp bank, centred at SS 9874 4252. The earthwork measures 110 metres by 12 to 15 metres overall. It comprises two lengths of rampart and counterscarp bank, separated by an entrance gap which seems to be an original feature. The ditch is terraced into the slope, and therefore forms an impressive barrier 4-5 metres deep on its upslope side, where it is backed by a quarry scarp at its northern end. The inner rampart is 2 metres wide and 0.9 metres high, and the counterscarp bank is 0.9 metres high and 1.5 metres wide. Both ends of the earthwork appear to be original terminals, although the northern end lies close to the track which forms part of the Dunster/Carhampton parish boundary. The earthwork lies on the edge of dense coniferous plantation, within Dunster Park. It lies at the top of a combe, just below the saddle of land between the later prehistoric enclosures of Bat's Castle (MSO9082) and Black Ball Camp (MSO9410), and appears to have guarded the approaches to both of these sites. The earthwork's morphology and association with the prehistoric enclosures suggest that it functioned with these sites. Like the outwork to the southeast of Bat's Castle (MSO9083), the earthwork forms an imposing monument in the landscape. The earthwork was surveyed at a scale of 1:1000 as part of the RCHME Exmoor project. [6-8] The earthwork described above is clearly visible on aerial photographs, both oblique and vertical. [9-12] This record was enhanced as part of the National Record of the Historic Environment to Exmoor National Park Historic Environment Record data transfer project. [13]